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Immobilization in extension is typically performed when this is contemplated. Since the triceps mechanism inserts into the olecranon, most of these fractures displace or have a tendency toward displacement.

Nonoperative treatment is reserved for nondisplaced fractures currently. If more concern is directed toward ligament or tendon injury, MRI imaging may be ordered.Ī three dimensional CT scan of a comminuted (many pieces) olecranon fracture left image. However, additional imaging for bone, such as computerized tomography (CT scan) may yield additional helpful information. In many cases, x-rays alone may adequately provide enough information to determine treatment. Lateral views showing a normal elbow on the left and a fracture of the olecranon process of the ulna on the right. X-rays may be taken from several angles to better delineate the fracture. X-rays are indicated to determine the bones which have been injured and if there are any dislocations associated with the injury. Similarly, nerve function may be disrupted due to trauma or displacement of fractures. Although uncommon, fractures in this area may embarrass vascular supply secondary to injury or swelling. Similarly the sensation and motion of digits are noted. The status of the vascular supply to the hand is observed. Physician ExamĪfter taking a history and noting your symptoms, a physical exam is then performed by the surgeon. There may be deformity of the arm dependent upon the degree of displacement of the fracture. Patients who experience olecranon fractures present with pain, swelling and often bruising over time. Ligaments of the elbow viewed from the lateral aspect Diagnosis Symptoms As we age, the strength of both ligaments and bones decrease over time. The bones of the elbow are held together by joint capsule, ligaments and tendons. The biceps inserts into the radius and bends the elbow. The triceps muscle inserts into the olecranon process of the elbow and straightens the elbow. The olecranon is the tip of the ulna and serves as the insertion point for the triceps muscle-which straightens the elbow. Lateral view of a right elbow demonstrating humerus, ulna, and radius (arrow pointing toward olecranon process of the ulna). The elbow utilizes three bones in articulation to accomplish these purposes-humerus, ulna, and radius. The elbow serves two distinct functions: 1) to bend and straighten 2) to turn the palm up and palm down.

While many elbow fractures in children can be treated nonoperatively, the majority of fractures in adults will require surgery Anatomy

These injuries interfere with the ability of the elbow to place the hand in a functional position. Strengthening exercises are recommended to improve the range of motion.A Patient’s Guide to Olecranon Fractures - Fractures of the Tip of the ElbowĮlbow fractures are typically associated with trauma-a fall or motor vehicle accident are common causes. Surgery is indicated in displaced and open fractures to realign the bones and stabilize the joint with screws, plates, pins and wires. Non-surgical treatment options include pain medication, ice application, the use of a splint or a sling to immobilize the elbow during the healing process and physical therapy. The aim of treatment is to maximize early motion and to reduce the risk of stiffness. In some cases, a CT scan may be needed to view the details of the joint surface. To diagnose an elbow fracture, X-rays of the joint are taken.

Symptoms of an elbow fracture include pain, bruising, stiffness, swelling in and around the elbow, a popping or cracking sound, numbness or weakness in the arm, wrist and hand, and deformity of the elbow bones. Nerves and arteries in the joint may sometimes be injured in these fractures.